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A reduced or rudimentaryleaf, for example surrounding a dormantbud, a thin flap of tissue, for example on the ventral surface of a liverwort thallus and at the base of a stamen in members of the family Simaroubaceae.
Stems primarily provide plants structural support. This tutorial includes lectures on the external form of a woody twig and the origin and development of stems. Also included are the different modified stems that carry out special functions. ..
Seed plants are vascular plants. They differ from the other vascular plants in producing seeds that germinate into a new plant. Two major plant divisions are covered: the angiosperms and the gymnosperms. ..
Obtaining air outside an aquatic environment required species to acquire suitable adaptations, and this was the case of amphibians. However, they were limited by their inability to inhabit drylands. Apparently, the early reptiles were able to do so. To learn more about the evolution of amphibians and reptiles, read this tutorial...
Meet some of New Zealand's unique fauna, including endemic insects, frogs, reptiles, birds, and mammals, and investigate why many have such distinctive features. You'll also find out about why there are so few native mammals and the impact of introduced pests on the unique natural ecosystems...